When a Noon with Sukun (نْ) or a Tanwīn (ً ٍ ٌ) is followed by another letter, one of four special Tajweed rules applies. Mastering these four rules transforms your recitation from mere reading into true tarteel.
A Noon (ن) that carries a Sukun (ْ). It appears within a word or at the end of a word.
Double vowels at the end of indefinite nouns. They act exactly like a Noon Sakin — hidden in sound, visible in writing.
These rules only apply when the Noon Sakin or Tanwīn is followed by the next letter — whether in the same word or the next word (in continuous recitation).
6 throat letters follow — pronounce the ن clearly with no changes.
The ن merges into the following letter (which may gain a Ghunna).
The ن converts into a مْ sound before ب, with a nasal hum (Ghunna).
The ن is "hidden" — partially pronounced as a nasal hum before 15 letters.
These letters are all articulated from the throat. When Noon Sakin meets them, pronounce the ن fully and clearly — no merging, no humming.
Mnemonic: يَرْمَلُون (Yarmaloon)
The Noon converts to a silent Meem with a nasal hum. Your lips close in preparation for the ب (Baa), blending the sounds naturally.
All letters except the 6 Idhar letters, 6 Idgham letters, and ب. These are the "middle" letters — not close enough to merge, not far enough to pronounce clearly.
| # | Rule Name | Arabic | Trigger Letters | What Happens | Ghunna? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Idhar | إظهار | ء ه ع غ ح خ | Noon is pronounced clearly | No |
| 2 | Idgham | إدغام | ي ر م ل و ن | Noon merges into the next letter |
ي م و ن: Yes ر ل: No |
| 3 | Iqlab | إقلاب | ب | Noon converts to a hidden مْ | Yes (2 counts) |
| 4 | Ikhfa | إخفاء | 15 letters (ت ث ج د ذ ز س ش ص ض ط ظ ف ق ك) | Noon is concealed — nasal hum | Yes (2 counts) |
Idhar (6): Throat letters — ء ه ع غ ح خ
Idgham (6): يَرْمَلُون mnemonic — ي ر م ل و ن
Iqlab (1): Just ب — lips close for Baa
Ikhfa (15): All remaining 15 letters — everything in between
OUTSTANDING! You have conquered one of the most important Tajweed chapters. You now know all four rules of Noon Sakin and Tanwin — Idhar, Idgham, Iqlab, and Ikhfa. Your recitation just levelled up!